The currency exchange market is regulated by special Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) in the UK under the Directive on Payment Services of 2009, as well as by Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs (HMRC) in accordance with the Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2007.
The Financial Conduct Authority has a two-tier structure for financial institutions under the Directive on Payment Services: SPI and API.
All companies engaged in the provision of currency exchange services must also obtain a license from the HMRC.
Each license of the Financial Conduct Authority foresees various possibilities applicable to all companies on the market, and also specifies the requirements and limitations, depending on the specifics of license. For example, companies holding an API license are required to maintain a minimum level of own funds, while this condition does not apply to those holding a SPI license.